Alveolar Echinococcosis

Caused by a parasite called the taenia of the fox, the agent parasite some carnivores such as foxes and dogs. Humans can be contaminated by ingesting parasite eggs, the larva of Taenia can then develop in the liver of humans. These eggs are present in the feces of carnivores, is found on plants and berries available to foxes and dogs, soiled by their droppings. Taenia eggs are destroyed by cooking. You meet this condition throughout the territory, but the endemic areas of the best known in France are the Massif Central and the Franche Comté.

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (FHSR)

Also called nephropathy in humans epidemic, this disease is caused by viruses of the hantavirus family whose natural hosts are rodents. Infection most often benign, can sometimes lead to serious kidney problems. The man becomes contaminated by respiratory tract by inhaling the virus present in the faeces of rodents. This disease is mainly present in the north-eastern France.

Leishmaniasis

Endemic in the Mediterranean (Corsica, PACA, Languedoc-Roussillon), this condition is caused by a parasite belonging to the genus Leishmania, whose vectors are small hairy insects are particularly active at dusk, called sandflies. The sandfly infecting human or animal patient spice. In France, the dog is the reservoir of Leishmania infantum.

Leptospirosis

Leptospires are bacteria whose shell is formed by several species of animals: rodents (especially rats), dogs, farm animals (pigs). Transmission can be direct through casual contact with infected animals or by biting, but more often it is indirect activities in fresh-water bathing, fishing or canoeing. Leptospires present in the water from the faeces of infected animals, enters the body through wounds, erosions of the skin or mucous membranes, the conjunctiva, inhalation of droplets. This disease affects the whole country.

Lyme disease

Ubiquitous but predominant in the north east of France, the transmission is made only by tick bite. The human infections are more frequent during the peak activity of ticks between early spring and late fall. In the absence of vaccination, the best prevention is to remove ticks as soon as possible after injection, avoiding breaking the rostrum.

Meningoencephalitis European ticks

It is caused by a virus of the family of arboviruses, such Flaviviridae, transmitted by ticks of the genus Ixodes. However, the tank is large and includes many animals, including rodents and birds. There are two modes of contamination: the tick bite and consumption of unpasteurized milk because the virus survives longer in the milk of animals, but is inactivated by pasteurization. Encountered mainly in Eastern Europe, cases have been observed in Alsace and Lorraine.